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EWG's Tap Water Database — 2021 UPDATE

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Chromium (total)

Status: National drinking water standard exists

 

Chromium is a naturally occurring metal, but industrial uses can elevate its levels in water. One form, hexavalent chromium, causes cancer. Total chromium is not a good indicator of the amount of hexavalent chromium in drinking water.

2017-2019:

FOUND

50

states detected

8,191

utilities detected

71 million

people served

State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines

EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 100 ppb

The legal limit for total chromium, established in 1991, was based on a 1958 toxicity study in laboratory animals, and applies to both the less-toxic trivalent chromium and the more-toxic hexavalent chromium forms of this compound. This limit does not protect against the risk of cancer from ingestion of hexavalent chromium.

ppb = parts per billion

States reporting chromium (total) in drinking water

UTILITIES WITH CONTAMINATION
State UtilitiesPeople Served
Texas1,02610,029,564
Florida5218,014,284
California4285,536,170
New York4125,109,416
Arizona2434,956,687
Pennsylvania3874,370,129
Colorado3023,850,718
New Jersey1853,081,044
Missouri4792,628,365
Kansas6832,547,149
Mississippi6722,315,711
Nevada701,976,578
Indiana721,675,308
Hawaii531,342,553
Wisconsin2731,161,995
New Mexico921,156,452
Oklahoma661,082,197
Illinois1191,071,669
Louisiana1201,065,012
Nebraska216820,851
Idaho166665,325
Connecticut46582,913
Kentucky57538,952
Washington313502,384
Utah12464,343
Delaware31440,117
Maryland87436,893
Alabama31422,292
Oregon75372,618
Alaska35271,885
Ohio46265,448
Maine236264,640
Massachusetts31243,289
West Virginia51226,278
South Dakota23208,619
North Carolina7174,190
New Hampshire229172,451
Arkansas50155,201
Iowa19107,372
Rhode Island15106,987
Michigan671,110
North Dakota9165,531
Virginia7052,340
Minnesota429,228
Tennessee420,492
Georgia311,310
Montana235,512
South Carolina81,873
Wyoming2135
Vermont1105
MORE
LESS

Filtering technologies that reduce chromium (total)

Reverse Osmosis

Ion Exchange

Utilities with the highest amounts of chromium (total), 2017-2019

ALL UTILITIES
LARGE UTILITIES
UtilityLocationTestsAverage levelPeople served
Ghr Landowners Association Water Co-opLaughlin, AZ1 of 176.0 ppb280
Water Unlimited, Incorporated*Newcastle, WY1 of 170.0 ppb80
Panorama Place Water AssociationYakima, WA1 of 169.0 ppb220
Paradise Trails Pioneer Valley WsLake Havasu City, AZ3 of 361.7 ppb61
Water Utility of Greater Tonopah GardenPhoenix, AZ2 of 259.0 ppb17
Truxton Canyon Water CompanyKingman, AZ2 of 254.0 ppb2,139
Desert Lake Community Services DistrictBoron, CA1 of 152.0 ppb792
Joshua Valley Water CompanyMeadview, AZ6 of 647.2 ppb1,200
Bed Rock Mobile Home ParkUlysses, KS6 of 646.0 ppb320
Bedford Water & Sewer DistrictGrover, WY1 of 240.0 ppb725
Norman*Norman, OK134 of 13939.9 ppb72,928
Adaman Mutual Water CompanyLitchfield Park, AZ2 of 239.0 ppb700
U.S. Air Force Luke Air Force BaseLuke Afb, AZ3 of 339.0 ppb10,708
Thomasville W/a #2Florence, MS2 of 239.0 ppb553
Sooner Utilities-valley BrookEdmond, OK1 of 138.5 ppb853
Desert Sky DwidKingman, AZ2 of 238.5 ppb90
Az State Prison - Geo Group - KingmanGolden Valley, AZ2 of 238.0 ppb3,500
Kingman Municipal WaterKingman, AZ62 of 6437.2 ppb45,000
Dunnigan Water WorksPaso Robles, CA12 of 1336.5 ppb400
Duffee Water AssociationLittle Rock, MS2 of 236.4 ppb1,710
Lander, City Of*Lander, WY2 of 536.0 ppb7,500
Redd Fox Park HoaRiverton, WY2 of 536.0 ppb50
Santa Ynez Rancho Estates Mutual Water CompanySanta Ynez, CA5 of 535.8 ppb294
Yucca Water AssociationYucca, AZ1 of 135.0 ppb250
Spirit Mountain UtilityCal-nev-ari, NV1 of 134.0 ppb375
Morristown Water CompanyMorristown, AZ1 of 134.0 ppb120
Jeffrey City Water & Sewer DistrictJeffrey City, WY1 of 333.3 ppb59
Wenden Domestic Water Improvement DistrictWenden, AZ1 of 133.0 ppb600
Yellowtail Dam Mk Upper SystemYellowtail, MT1 of 331.3 ppb40
Aptos Ridge Mutual Water CompanyWatsonville, CA3 of 331.0 ppb50
City of Los BanosLos Banos, CA58 of 5830.4 ppb37,168
Hide-a-way Mobile VillageCheyenne, WY1 of 230.0 ppb76
White Hills Water Company Unit 1Gilbert, AZ2 of 230.0 ppb90
Paradise Rd. Ws #21Salinas, CA2 of 228.5 ppb48
Hills Ranch Mutual Water CompanyAlbion, CA1 of 427.5 ppb60
Jubilee Water Company Inc.Brimfield, IL2 of 227.0 ppb78
Wugt B D Buckeye Ranch Domestic Water Improvement DistrictPhoenix, AZ2 of 226.5 ppb81
City of Surprise - Mountain Vista*Surprise, AZ112 of 11226.0 ppb31,649
City of Buckeye Sonora - SundanceBuckeye, AZ12 of 1225.9 ppb15,783
Esquire Estates Mobile Home ParkPeoria, IL2 of 225.5 ppb28
Volta Community SDLos Banos, CA2 of 225.5 ppb150
Piedmont Municpal AuthorityPiedmont, OK4 of 425.1 ppb7,542
Payne County Rural Water District #3Stillwater, OK1 of 125.0 ppb1,400
Lexington & Joseph Harp Correctional InstitutionLexington, OK11 of 1324.0 ppb3,000
Caballeros Water CompanyWickenburg, AZ1 of 124.0 ppb100
Springfield Water CompanyWatsonville, CA1 of 124.0 ppb200
Searchlight Water CompanyLas Vegas, NV9 of 1123.8 ppb760
Thomasville W/a #1Florence, MS1 of 123.5 ppb882
Rolling Acres Mutual Water CompanyDavis, CA2 of 223.5 ppb40
Epcor Water - Paradise Valley/ScottsdaleYoungtown, AZ5 of 623.0 ppb12,000

* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Chromium (total), but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.

UtilityLocationTestsAverage levelPeople served
Norman*Norman, OK134 of 13939.9 ppb72,928
U.S. Air Force Luke Air Force BaseLuke Afb, AZ3 of 339.0 ppb10,708
Kingman Municipal WaterKingman, AZ62 of 6437.2 ppb45,000
City of Los BanosLos Banos, CA58 of 5830.4 ppb37,168
City of Surprise - Mountain Vista*Surprise, AZ112 of 11226.0 ppb31,649
City of Buckeye Sonora - SundanceBuckeye, AZ12 of 1225.9 ppb15,783
Epcor Water - Paradise Valley/ScottsdaleYoungtown, AZ5 of 623.0 ppb12,000
City of KermanKerman, CA28 of 2821.7 ppb14,068
MooreMoore, OK52 of 7320.1 ppb55,083
City of Davis*Davis, CA155 of 19819.9 ppb67,298
City of PattersonPatterson, CA40 of 4019.8 ppb20,560
City of Phoenix*Phoenix, AZ59 of 6518.7 ppb1,579,000
SBNDO County Service Area 70JVictorville, CA116 of 12118.4 ppb10,111
City of WoodlandWoodland, CA59 of 5918.0 ppb56,464
Coachella Water AuthorityCoachella, CA60 of 6017.2 ppb41,904
Arizona Water Company - White TanksPhoenix, AZ4 of 415.3 ppb10,186
MustangMustang, OK10 of 1114.7 ppb15,435
PRVWSD-Pelahatchie BayRidgeland, MS5 of 514.4 ppb10,878
Epcor Water - Agua Fria*Youngtown, AZ66 of 9714.2 ppb80,959
Goodyear Water Department*Goodyear, AZ29 of 2913.6 ppb50,001
Arizona Water Company - Apache JunctionPhoenix, AZ12 of 1213.4 ppb57,647
Rosamond CSDRosamond, CA17 of 1711.9 ppb16,618
UC - DavisDavis, CA20 of 2810.6 ppb40,185
USMC - 29 Palms29 Palms, CA38 of 4710.3 ppb28,760
Epcor Water - Sun CityYoungtown, AZ50 of 5210.00 ppb38,016
Pima UtilitiesSun Lakes, AZ18 of 189.46 ppb20,000
City of HollisterHollister, CA30 of 359.36 ppb36,108
City of Newman Water DepartmentNewman, CA11 of 169.10 ppb10,586
Rio Linda/Alverta Community Water DistrictRio Linda, CA36 of 448.94 ppb13,386
City of El MirageEl Mirage, AZ48 of 528.85 ppb39,884
Cape GirardeauCape Girardeau, MO7 of 128.55 ppb39,628
City of GlendalePhoenix, AZ92 of 1068.45 ppb234,766
Los Angeles County WW District 40 Reg 38 Lake Los AngelesAlhambra, CA16 of 168.35 ppb13,600
City of Edmond - Arcadia Lake*Arcadia, OK134 of 1388.11 ppb79,408
Santa Margarita Water DistrictSanta Margarita, CA1 of 127.83 ppb154,231
Indio Water AuthorityIndio, CA30 of 487.80 ppb77,780
Mission Springs WDDesert Hot Springs, CA31 of 427.70 ppb34,626
YukonYukon, OK4 of 57.70 ppb22,498
Liberty Water Lpsco*Avondale, AZ30 of 367.69 ppb50,045
City of WatsonvilleWatsonville, CA46 of 627.60 ppb65,739
City of Kingsville*Kingsville, TX32 of 417.40 ppb29,947
City of ChandlerChandler, AZ147 of 1607.39 ppb247,328
Arizona Water Company - Pinal Valley*Phoenix, AZ51 of 577.30 ppb88,019
City of ChubbuckChubbuck, ID17 of 186.79 ppb14,125
Town of GilbertGilbert, AZ102 of 1146.78 ppb247,600
City of VacavilleElmira, CA54 of 956.73 ppb96,735
Oklahoma UniversityNorman, OK8 of 86.55 ppb34,000
City of Prescott*Prescott, AZ32 of 326.51 ppb43,217
Cottonwood Municipal Water Cw1Cottonwood, AZ20 of 236.46 ppb10,895
Los Angeles County WW District 4 & 34-LancasterAlhambra, CA60 of 876.40 ppb180,131

* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Chromium (total), but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.