1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Status: National drinking water standard exists
1,1,2-Trichloroethane is a volatile neurotoxic solvent used for manufacturing products such as plastic wrap and carpet backing. It causes liver tumors in animal studies. Read More.
The EPA classifies 1,1,2- trichloroethane as a possible human carcinogen. The California public health goal of 0.3 parts per billion, set to protect against cancer, is 16 times lower than the amount allowed by the federal government, which is a Maximum Contaminant Level of 5 parts per billion.
Health concerns for 1,1,2-trichloroethane
Liver cancer
Harm to the kidney
Change to the central nervous system
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.3 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.3 ppb for 1,1,2-trichloroethane was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. This health guideline protects against cancer.
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 5 ppb
The legal limit for 1,1,2-trichloroethane, established in 1992, was based on analytical detection limits at the time that the standard was set. This limit may not fully protect against the risk of cancer due to 1,1,2-trichloroethane exposure.
ppb = parts per billion
States reporting 1,1,2-trichloroethane in drinking water
UTILITIES REPORTING ABOVE HEALTH GUIDELINES | UTILITIES WITH CONTAMINATION | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Utilities | People Served | Utilities | People Served | |||
Florida | 1 | 280 | 16 | 345,699 | |||
New York | 1 | 46 | 17 | 188,222 | |||
Ohio | 0 | 0 | 2 | 23,688 | |||
Washington | 0 | 0 | 1 | 22,930 | |||
New Mexico | 0 | 0 | 1 | 19,076 | |||
Idaho | 0 | 0 | 1 | 14,125 | |||
California | 0 | 0 | 2 | 6,328 | |||
Pennsylvania | 0 | 0 | 1 | 35 |
Filtering technologies that reduce 1,1,2-trichloroethane
Activated Carbon
Reverse Osmosis
Utilities with the highest amounts of 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 2017-2019
Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ausable Heights Water System | Keeseville, NY | 1 of 1 | 0.500 ppb | 46 |
Florida Pines Mobile Home Park | Venice, FL | 1 of 2 | 0.250 ppb | 280 |
Magna Water District | Magna, UT | 1 of 31 | 0.181 ppb | 32,100 |
St. Lucie Mobile Village | Indiantown, FL | 1 of 3 | 0.167 ppb | 750 |
O Yes Apartments | Lancaster, PA | 1 of 3 | 0.167 ppb | 35 |
Indiantown Company | Indiantown, FL | 1 of 3 | 0.167 ppb | 5,847 |
Gardeau Water District | Castile, NY | 1 of 4 | 0.125 ppb | 60 |
Perry Village* | , NY | 1 of 4 | 0.125 ppb | 4,348 |
Perry Center Water District | Perry, NY | 1 of 4 | 0.125 ppb | 150 |
Silver Lake Institute - Castile Water District #1 | , NY | 1 of 4 | 0.125 ppb | 440 |
City of Moses Lake | Moses Lake, WA | 1 of 32 | 0.122 ppb | 22,930 |
Pueblo Heights Mobile Home Park | Globe, AZ | 1 of 7 | 0.0957 ppb | 400 |
Sunrise Southwest | Fort Lauderdale, FL | 1 of 5 | 0.0900 ppb | 9,457 |
Mossy Head, Town of | Defuniak Springs, FL | 1 of 6 | 0.0567 ppb | 3,511 |
Farm-to-market Associates | Brewster, NY | 1 of 9 | 0.0556 ppb | 48 |
Springhill Mobile Home Park | Wappingers Falls, NY | 1 of 9 | 0.0556 ppb | 150 |
Cowlitz Indian Tribal Housing | Toledo, WA | 1 of 2 | 0.0550 ppb | 30 |
Fern Crest Utilities Inc. | Ft Lauderdale, FL | 1 of 6 | 0.0417 ppb | 3,123 |
Cedarpines Park Mutual Water Company | Cedarpines Park, CA | 1 of 20 | 0.0300 ppb | 2,500 |
Ruidoso Water System | Ruidoso, NM | 1 of 28 | 0.0264 ppb | 19,076 |
Mason County Psd-camp Conley | Pt. Pleasant, WV | 1 of 16 | 0.0244 ppb | 458 |
Point Pleasant Water Works* | Pt. Pleasant, WV | 1 of 16 | 0.0244 ppb | 5,290 |
Springport Water District #1 - North | Cayuga, NY | 1 of 24 | 0.0208 ppb | 500 |
Springport Water District #1 - South | Cayuga, NY | 1 of 24 | 0.0208 ppb | 500 |
Union Springs Village* | Union Springs, NY | 1 of 24 | 0.0208 ppb | 3,000 |
Hornellsville Water D 1 (n. Main/seneca) | Arkport, NY | 1 of 150 | 0.0207 ppb | 300 |
North Hornell Village | Hornell, NY | 1 of 150 | 0.0207 ppb | 688 |
Hornell City* | Hornell, NY | 1 of 150 | 0.0207 ppb | 9,592 |
Mobile Manor Mobile Home Park | N. Fort Myers, FL | 2 of 18 | 0.0200 ppb | 482 |
Lee County Utilities* | Fort Myers, FL | 2 of 18 | 0.0200 ppb | 251,502 |
Gateway Services District | Fort Myers, FL | 2 of 18 | 0.0200 ppb | 12,717 |
Tamiami Village Mobile Home Park | N. Fort Myers, FL | 2 of 18 | 0.0200 ppb | 1,200 |
Pine Lakes Mobile Home Park | N. Fort Myers, FL | 2 of 18 | 0.0200 ppb | 1,220 |
Old Bridge Village Mobile Home Park | North Fort Myers, FL | 2 of 18 | 0.0200 ppb | 1,000 |
Town of Fort Myers Beach (beach Water) | Fort Myers Beach, FL | 2 of 18 | 0.0200 ppb | 6,900 |
Miramar (East & West) Plants | Miramar, FL | 1 of 14 | 0.0179 ppb | 127,700 |
Crescent City Water Treatment Plant | Crescent City, FL | 1 of 7 | 0.0171 ppb | 1,800 |
Hicksville WD | Hicksville, NY | 6 of 1,392 | 0.0147 ppb | 48,000 |
Wallingford Water Department | Wallingford, CT | 1 of 35 | 0.0143 ppb | 37,267 |
New Philadelphia City PWS | New Philadelphia, OH | 3 of 140 | 0.0140 ppb | 17,288 |
City of Chubbuck | Chubbuck, ID | 1 of 44 | 0.0123 ppb | 14,125 |
City of Stuart - Water Plant | Stuart, FL | 9 of 214 | 0.0105 ppb | 19,000 |
Milford City Public Water System | Milford, OH | 1 of 57 | 0.00877 ppb | 6,400 |
Bethpage WD | Bethpage, NY | 12 of 941 | 0.00794 ppb | 33,000 |
Palm Lake Estates South | Riviera Bch, FL | 2 of 47 | 0.00720 ppb | 700 |
Riviera Beach Utility District* | Riviera Beach, FL | 2 of 47 | 0.00720 ppb | 34,700 |
Palm Lake Estates North | Riviera Beach, FL | 2 of 47 | 0.00720 ppb | 480 |
WA of Great Neck North | Great Neck, NY | 4 of 872 | 0.00279 ppb | 31,400 |
Hempstead | Hempstead, NY | 1 of 497 | 0.00221 ppb | 56,000 |
City of Rialto | Rialto, CA | 3 of 625 | 0.00211 ppb | 48,623 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report 1,1,2-Trichloroethane, but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.
Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
---|---|---|---|---|
Magna Water District | Magna, UT | 1 of 31 | 0.181 ppb | 32,100 |
City of Moses Lake | Moses Lake, WA | 1 of 32 | 0.122 ppb | 22,930 |
Ruidoso Water System | Ruidoso, NM | 1 of 28 | 0.0264 ppb | 19,076 |
Lee County Utilities* | Fort Myers, FL | 2 of 18 | 0.0200 ppb | 251,502 |
Gateway Services District | Fort Myers, FL | 2 of 18 | 0.0200 ppb | 12,717 |
Miramar (East & West) Plants | Miramar, FL | 1 of 14 | 0.0179 ppb | 127,700 |
Hicksville WD | Hicksville, NY | 6 of 1,392 | 0.0147 ppb | 48,000 |
Wallingford Water Department | Wallingford, CT | 1 of 35 | 0.0143 ppb | 37,267 |
New Philadelphia City PWS | New Philadelphia, OH | 3 of 140 | 0.0140 ppb | 17,288 |
City of Chubbuck | Chubbuck, ID | 1 of 44 | 0.0123 ppb | 14,125 |
City of Stuart - Water Plant | Stuart, FL | 9 of 214 | 0.0105 ppb | 19,000 |
Bethpage WD | Bethpage, NY | 12 of 941 | 0.00794 ppb | 33,000 |
Riviera Beach Utility District* | Riviera Beach, FL | 2 of 47 | 0.00720 ppb | 34,700 |
WA of Great Neck North | Great Neck, NY | 4 of 872 | 0.00279 ppb | 31,400 |
Hempstead | Hempstead, NY | 1 of 497 | 0.00221 ppb | 56,000 |
City of Rialto | Rialto, CA | 3 of 625 | 0.00211 ppb | 48,623 |
United Water New York* | West Nyack, NY | 1 of 872 | 0.000803 ppb | 270,950 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report 1,1,2-Trichloroethane, but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.