Perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid (GenX)
Status: No national drinking water standard exists
Perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid (GenX) is a member of a group of perfluorinated chemicals used in many consumer products. GenX and other perfluorinated chemicals can cause serious health effects, including cancer, endocrine disruption, accelerated puberty, liver and immune system damage, and thyroid changes. These chemicals are persistent in the environment and they accumulate in people. Click here to read more about perfluorinated chemicals.
Health concerns for GenX
Cancer
Harm to the immune system
Hormone disruption
Harm to fetal growth and child development
Harm to the liver
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 1 ppt
The EWG Health Guideline of 1 ppt for GenX was defined by EWG as based on studies by Phillipe Grandjean of Harvard University and many other independent researchers who found reduced effectiveness of vaccines and adverse impacts on mammary gland development from exposure to PFOA and PFOS, the two PFAS most widely detected in drinking water. This health guideline protects against applies to the entire class of PFAS detected in water.
ppt = parts per trillion
States reporting GenX in drinking water
UTILITIES WITH CONTAMINATION | |||
---|---|---|---|
State | Utilities | People Served | |
North Carolina | 34 | 468,552 |
Filtering technologies that reduce GenX
Activated Carbon
Reverse Osmosis
Utilities with the highest amounts of GenX, 2017-2019
Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
---|---|---|---|---|
Wrightsville Beach Water System | Wrightsville Beach, NC | 1 of 1 | 47.8 ppt | 6,380 |
Pender County Utilities | Burgaw, NC | 1 of 1 | 29.3 ppt | 24,236 |
Town of Navassa - Phoenix | Navassa, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 71 |
Leland, Town of | Leland, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 5,662 |
Navassa, Town of-cedar Hill Annex | Navassa, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 25 |
Southport, City of | City Of Southport, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 6,447 |
Town of Oak Island | Oak Island, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 23,635 |
Shallotte, Town of | Shallotte, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 5,862 |
Ocean Isle Beach, Town of* | Ocean Isle Beach, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 7,216 |
Brunswick County Water System* | Bolivia, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 100,694 |
Holden Beach, Town of | Holden Beach, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 6,212 |
Navassa, Town of | Navassa, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 747 |
Brunswick Regional Water and Sewer H2go | Leland, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 28,488 |
Bladen Bluffs Water System | Tarheel, NC | 1 of 1 | 18.2 ppt | 4,589 |
Bladen County Water Dist-West Bladen* | Elizabethtown, NC | 1 of 1 | 14.5 ppt | 12,014 |
South Point SD | Fayetteville, NC | 1 of 1 | 14.5 ppt | 124 |
Bladen County Water Dist-east Bladen | Elizabethtown, NC | 1 of 1 | 11.7 ppt | 3,889 |
Cape Fear Public Utility Authority - Wilmington | Wilmington, NC | 6 of 11 | 6.47 ppt | 153,202 |
Columbus County Water District III | Whiteville, NC | 1 of 1 | 5.60 ppt | 2,615 |
Stanly Co-piney Point District | Albemarle, NC | 1 of 1 | 2.80 ppt | 947 |
Norwood, Town of* | Raleigh, NC | 1 of 1 | 2.80 ppt | 4,109 |
Oyster Point S/d | Wilmington, NC | 1 of 1 | 2.40 ppt | 99 |
Cape Fear Public Utility Authority - New Hanover County* | Wilmington, NC | 1 of 1 | 2.40 ppt | 29,052 |
Perquimans County Water System* | Hertford, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.70 ppt | 11,314 |
Minzie`s Creek Sanitary District | Hertford, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.70 ppt | 191 |
College View Mobile Home Park | Wilmington, NC | 4 of 4 | 1.57 ppt | 90 |
Martin County Regional WASA* | Williamston, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.40 ppt | 10,162 |
Lake Waccamaw, Town of | Lake Waccamaw, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.30 ppt | 2,469 |
Newton Grove, Town of | Newton Grove, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.30 ppt | 913 |
Dillsboro Water & Sewer Inc. | Dillsboro, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.20 ppt | 25 |
Tuckaseigee Water & Sewer Authority* | Sylva, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.20 ppt | 6,858 |
Cowan Valley Estates | Cullowhee, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.20 ppt | 53 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid (GenX) , but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.
Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pender County Utilities | Burgaw, NC | 1 of 1 | 29.3 ppt | 24,236 |
Town of Oak Island | Oak Island, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 23,635 |
Brunswick County Water System* | Bolivia, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 100,694 |
Brunswick Regional Water and Sewer H2go | Leland, NC | 1 of 1 | 28.1 ppt | 28,488 |
Bladen County Water Dist-West Bladen* | Elizabethtown, NC | 1 of 1 | 14.5 ppt | 12,014 |
Cape Fear Public Utility Authority - Wilmington | Wilmington, NC | 6 of 11 | 6.47 ppt | 153,202 |
Cape Fear Public Utility Authority - New Hanover County* | Wilmington, NC | 1 of 1 | 2.40 ppt | 29,052 |
Perquimans County Water System* | Hertford, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.70 ppt | 11,314 |
Martin County Regional WASA* | Williamston, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.40 ppt | 10,162 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid (GenX) , but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.