N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)
Status: No national drinking water standard exists
N-Nitrosodimethylamine is one of the DNA-damaging, cancer-causing contaminants called N-nitrosamines that can form during water treatment with the use of certain disinfectants, such as chloramine. Read More.
Pollution of water sources with effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants and runoff from animal feeding operations contributes to nitrosamine formation. Fifteen different nitrosamines are listed as carcinogens in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Toxicology Program Report on Carcinogens. The federal government has not set a legal limit for nitrosamines in drinking water and water utilities typically do not test for these contaminants. California has set a public health goal for one of the most common nitrosamines, N-nitrosodimethylamine or NDMA, at 0.003 parts per billion in drinking water, a concentration that corresponds to an estimated one-in-one-million cancer risk.
Health concerns for n-nitrosodimethylamine
Cancer
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 3 ppt
The EWG Health Guideline of 3 ppt for n-nitrosodimethylamine was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. This health guideline protects against cancer.
ppt = parts per trillion
States reporting n-nitrosodimethylamine in drinking water
UTILITIES REPORTING ABOVE HEALTH GUIDELINES | UTILITIES WITH CONTAMINATION | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Utilities | People Served | Utilities | People Served | |||
California | 7 | 561,792 | 74 | 6,621,787 |
Filtering technologies that reduce n-nitrosodimethylamine
Reverse Osmosis
Utilities with the highest amounts of n-nitrosodimethylamine, 2017-2019
Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
---|---|---|---|---|
San Gabriel Valley Water Company- El Monte* | El Monte, CA | 561 of 1,350 | 20.2 ppt | 226,904 |
San Gabriel Valley Water Company-Montebello | El Monte, CA | 561 of 1,350 | 20.2 ppt | 8,858 |
California Water Service Company - East Los Angeles | San Jose, CA | 36 of 47 | 4.20 ppt | 150,446 |
California Water Service Company - Palos Verde | San Jose, CA | 39 of 46 | 3.42 ppt | 69,883 |
California Water Service - Livermore | Livermore, CA | 7 of 16 | 3.16 ppt | 56,700 |
Valencia Water Company* | Valencia, CA | 4 of 4 | 3.00 ppt | 117,251 |
California Water Service Company - Hermosa / Redondo Beach | San Jose, CA | 40 of 48 | 2.75 ppt | 95,605 |
California Domestic Water Company* | Whittier, CA | 156 of 685 | 2.13 ppt | 1,200 |
Dublin San Ramon Services District | Dublin, CA | 14 of 30 | 2.06 ppt | 75,924 |
Zone 7 Water Agency* | Livermore, CA | 14 of 30 | 2.06 ppt | 40 |
City of Livermore | Livermore, CA | 14 of 30 | 2.06 ppt | 27,000 |
Coast Springs - Cal. Water Service (puc) | San Jose, CA | 4 of 6 | 1.70 ppt | 210 |
June Lake Public Utility District Village | June Lake, CA | 1 of 2 | 1.35 ppt | 240 |
Three Valleys Municipal Water District* | Claremont, CA | 2 of 10 | 1.18 ppt | 0 |
California Water Service Company - Dominguez | San Jose, CA | 2 of 13 | 0.723 ppt | 142,111 |
Solano Verde Mutual Water Company | Camarillo, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 100 |
Ventura County Waterworks District No. 17 - Bell Canyon | Moorpark, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 2,049 |
California Water Service Company - Westlake | San Jose, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 19,451 |
Thousand Oaks Water Department | Thousand Oaks, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 50,000 |
Cal American Water Company | Newbury Park, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 61,206 |
Oak Park Water Service | Ventura, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 12,200 |
Calleguas Municipal Water District* | Thousand Oaks, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 0 |
Lake Sherwood Community Services District | Moorpark, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 1,527 |
Cal American Water Company - Las Posas Estates | Newbury Park, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 1,800 |
Suburban Water Systems - San Jose Hills | Covina, CA | 33 of 175 | 0.545 ppt | 162,031 |
Vallecitos Water District | San Marcos, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 94,871 |
City of Carlsbad | Carlsbad, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 84,838 |
Rainbow Municipal WD | Fallbrook, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 19,611 |
Rincon Del Diablo MWD(ID-1) | Escondido, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 24,545 |
Ramona Municipal WD | Ramona, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 40,000 |
Valley Center MWD* | Valley Center, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 25,450 |
San Diego County Water Authority* | Escondido, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 0 |
Monterey Park Water Department | Monterey Park, CA | 7 of 270 | 0.188 ppt | 62,183 |
Glendale Water Department | Glendale, CA | 4 of 212 | 0.162 ppt | 195,799 |
Golden State Water Company - Cordova* | Rancho Cordova, CA | 9 of 165 | 0.150 ppt | 47,810 |
Suburban Water Systems - Whittier | Covina, CA | 1 of 24 | 0.125 ppt | 59,169 |
Whittier Water Department* | Whittier, CA | 1 of 18 | 0.111 ppt | 49,954 |
Woodland-davis Clean Water Agency | Davis, CA | 1 of 63 | 0.105 ppt | 0 |
Santa Clara Valley Water District* | San Jose, CA | 2 of 87 | 0.0560 ppt | 0 |
Pomona Water Department | Pomona, CA | 2 of 118 | 0.0390 ppt | 151,713 |
Central Basin Municipal Water District* | Commerce, CA | 1 of 79 | 0.0250 ppt | 0 |
Carmichael Water District | Carmichael, CA | 1 of 91 | 0.0240 ppt | 40,000 |
La Puente Valley County Water District* | La Puente, CA | 1 of 313 | 0.0220 ppt | 9,852 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.
Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
---|---|---|---|---|
San Gabriel Valley Water Company- El Monte* | El Monte, CA | 561 of 1,350 | 20.2 ppt | 226,904 |
California Water Service Company - East Los Angeles | San Jose, CA | 36 of 47 | 4.20 ppt | 150,446 |
California Water Service Company - Palos Verde | San Jose, CA | 39 of 46 | 3.42 ppt | 69,883 |
California Water Service - Livermore | Livermore, CA | 7 of 16 | 3.16 ppt | 56,700 |
Valencia Water Company* | Valencia, CA | 4 of 4 | 3.00 ppt | 117,251 |
California Water Service Company - Hermosa / Redondo Beach | San Jose, CA | 40 of 48 | 2.75 ppt | 95,605 |
Dublin San Ramon Services District | Dublin, CA | 14 of 30 | 2.06 ppt | 75,924 |
City of Livermore | Livermore, CA | 14 of 30 | 2.06 ppt | 27,000 |
California Water Service Company - Dominguez | San Jose, CA | 2 of 13 | 0.723 ppt | 142,111 |
Oak Park Water Service | Ventura, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 12,200 |
Cal American Water Company | Newbury Park, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 61,206 |
Thousand Oaks Water Department | Thousand Oaks, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 50,000 |
California Water Service Company - Westlake | San Jose, CA | 3 of 11 | 0.591 ppt | 19,451 |
Suburban Water Systems - San Jose Hills | Covina, CA | 33 of 175 | 0.545 ppt | 162,031 |
Vallecitos Water District | San Marcos, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 94,871 |
City of Carlsbad | Carlsbad, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 84,838 |
Rainbow Municipal WD | Fallbrook, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 19,611 |
Rincon Del Diablo MWD(ID-1) | Escondido, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 24,545 |
Ramona Municipal WD | Ramona, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 40,000 |
Valley Center MWD* | Valley Center, CA | 2 of 12 | 0.358 ppt | 25,450 |
Monterey Park Water Department | Monterey Park, CA | 7 of 270 | 0.188 ppt | 62,183 |
Glendale Water Department | Glendale, CA | 4 of 212 | 0.162 ppt | 195,799 |
Golden State Water Company - Cordova* | Rancho Cordova, CA | 9 of 165 | 0.150 ppt | 47,810 |
Suburban Water Systems - Whittier | Covina, CA | 1 of 24 | 0.125 ppt | 59,169 |
Whittier Water Department* | Whittier, CA | 1 of 18 | 0.111 ppt | 49,954 |
Pomona Water Department | Pomona, CA | 2 of 118 | 0.0390 ppt | 151,713 |
Carmichael Water District | Carmichael, CA | 1 of 91 | 0.0240 ppt | 40,000 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.