Toxaphene
Status: National drinking water standard exists
Toxaphene is a neurotoxic, persistent and bioaccumulative insecticide classified by the EPA as a probable human carcinogen.
Health concerns for toxaphene
Cancer
Harm to the brain and nervous system
Harm to the liver
Harm to the kidney
Hormone disruption
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.03 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.03 ppb for toxaphene was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. This health guideline protects against cancer.
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 3 ppb
The legal limit for toxaphene, established in 1991, was based on analytical detection limits at the time that the standard was set. This limit may not fully protect against the risk of cancer due to toxaphene exposure.
ppb = parts per billion
States reporting toxaphene in drinking water
UTILITIES REPORTING ABOVE HEALTH GUIDELINES | UTILITIES WITH CONTAMINATION | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Utilities | People Served | Utilities | People Served | |||
Florida | 6 | 23,272 | 13 | 298,293 | |||
Maryland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 139 |
Filtering technologies that reduce toxaphene
Activated Carbon
Reverse Osmosis
Utilities with the highest amounts of toxaphene, 2017-2019
Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sanfords Creek Subdivision | Denver, NC | 1 of 7 | 0.729 ppb | 48 |
Florida Pines Mobile Home Park | Venice, FL | 1 of 2 | 0.290 ppb | 280 |
St. Lucie Mobile Village | Indiantown, FL | 1 of 2 | 0.250 ppb | 750 |
Hunt Farm Water Company | Waccabuc, NY | 1 of 5 | 0.200 ppb | 156 |
Mulberry, City of | Mulberry, FL | 2 of 9 | 0.127 ppb | 3,780 |
Alamo Sewer and Water Gid | Alamo, NV | 1 of 4 | 0.125 ppb | 900 |
City of Fort Meade | Fort Meade, FL | 1 of 5 | 0.1000 ppb | 5,455 |
Fern Crest Utilities Inc. | Ft Lauderdale, FL | 1 of 6 | 0.0950 ppb | 3,123 |
Lake Alfred, City of | Lake Alfred, FL | 1 of 6 | 0.0850 ppb | 5,584 |
Sunrise Southwest | Fort Lauderdale, FL | 1 of 5 | 0.0680 ppb | 9,457 |
Miramar (East & West) Plants | Miramar, FL | 1 of 16 | 0.0363 ppb | 127,700 |
Frostproof, City of | Frostproof, FL | 2 of 12 | 0.0200 ppb | 3,550 |
City of Baltimore* | Baltimore, MD | 1 of 24 | 0.00538 ppb | 1,600,000 |
Apostolic Towers | Baltimore, MD | 1 of 24 | 0.00538 ppb | 200 |
The Neighborhoods At St. Elizabeth | Baltimore, MD | 1 of 24 | 0.00538 ppb | 162 |
Keswick Multi-care Center | Baltimore, MD | 1 of 24 | 0.00538 ppb | 575 |
Metropolitan Of Baltimore | Vienna, MD | 1 of 24 | 0.00538 ppb | 492 |
Tamiami Village Mobile Home Park | N. Fort Myers, FL | 1 of 25 | 0.00232 ppb | 1,200 |
Mobile Manor Mobile Home Park | N. Fort Myers, FL | 1 of 25 | 0.00232 ppb | 482 |
Pine Lakes Mobile Home Park | N. Fort Myers, FL | 1 of 25 | 0.00232 ppb | 1,220 |
Old Bridge Village Mobile Home Park | North Fort Myers, FL | 1 of 25 | 0.00232 ppb | 1,000 |
Town of Fort Myers Beach (beach Water) | Fort Myers Beach, FL | 1 of 25 | 0.00232 ppb | 6,900 |
Gateway Services District | Fort Myers, FL | 1 of 25 | 0.00232 ppb | 12,717 |
Lee County Utilities* | Fort Myers, FL | 1 of 25 | 0.00232 ppb | 251,502 |
Pleasant Valley | Westminster, MD | 1 of 4 | 0.000475 ppb | 139 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Toxaphene, but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.
Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
---|---|---|---|---|
Miramar (East & West) Plants | Miramar, FL | 1 of 16 | 0.0363 ppb | 127,700 |
City of Baltimore* | Baltimore, MD | 1 of 24 | 0.00538 ppb | 1,600,000 |
Lee County Utilities* | Fort Myers, FL | 1 of 25 | 0.00232 ppb | 251,502 |
Gateway Services District | Fort Myers, FL | 1 of 25 | 0.00232 ppb | 12,717 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Toxaphene, but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.