Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid (PFPeS)
Status: No national drinking water standard exists
Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid (PFPeS) is a member of a group of perfluorinated chemicals used in many consumer products. PFPeS and other perfluorinated chemicals can cause serious health effects, including cancer, endocrine disruption, accelerated puberty, liver and immune system damage, and thyroid changes. These chemicals are persistent in the environment and they accumulate in people. Click here to read more about perfluorinated chemicals.
Health concerns for PFPeS
Cancer
Harm to the immune system
Hormone disruption
Harm to fetal growth and child development
Harm to the liver
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 1 ppt
The EWG Health Guideline of 1 ppt for PFPeS was defined by EWG as based on studies by Phillipe Grandjean of Harvard University and many other independent researchers who found reduced effectiveness of vaccines and adverse impacts on mammary gland development from exposure to PFOA and PFOS, the two PFAS most widely detected in drinking water. This health guideline protects against applies to the entire class of PFAS detected in water.
ppt = parts per trillion
States reporting PFPeS in drinking water
UTILITIES WITH CONTAMINATION | |||
---|---|---|---|
State | Utilities | People Served | |
North Carolina | 55 | 1,731,459 | |
Wisconsin | 5 | 238,297 | |
New Hampshire | 3 | 28,735 |
Filtering technologies that reduce PFPeS
Activated Carbon
Reverse Osmosis
Utilities with the highest amounts of PFPeS, 2017-2019
Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
---|---|---|---|---|
Jaffrey Water Works | Jaffrey, NH | 1 of 5 | 9.26 ppt | 3,612 |
City of Greensboro* | Greensboro, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.30 ppt | 290,201 |
Tanglewood South Mobile Home Park/fayetteville Public Works Commission | Charlotte, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.00 ppt | 259 |
Kelly Hill S/d | Hampstead, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.00 ppt | 109 |
Brettonwood Hills S/d | Hampstead, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.00 ppt | 187 |
Eastgate S/d Fayetteville Public Works Commission | Charlotte, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.00 ppt | 205 |
Brookwood South/fayetteville Public Works Commission | Hampstead, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.00 ppt | 2,357 |
Stedman, Town of* | Stedman, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.00 ppt | 1,506 |
Fayetteville Public Works Commission* | Fayetteville, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.00 ppt | 217,948 |
Hoke County Regional--rockfish | Raeford, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.00 ppt | 5,778 |
Rain Tree II Fayetteville Public Works Commission | Hampstead, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.00 ppt | 292 |
Selma, Town of | Selma, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.90 ppt | 6,120 |
Chapel Ridge S/d | Cary, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.50 ppt | 798 |
Pittsboro, Town of* | Pittsboro, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.50 ppt | 4,401 |
Pender County Utilities | Burgaw, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.50 ppt | 24,236 |
Liberty, Town of | Liberty, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.30 ppt | 3,558 |
Bladen Bluffs Water System | Tarheel, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.30 ppt | 4,589 |
City of Goldsboro* | Goldsboro, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.20 ppt | 34,959 |
Seymour Johnson Air Force Base | Seymour Johnson, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.20 ppt | 6,875 |
Prolyn Townhouse Apartments | Pelham, NH | 2 of 2 | 1.10 ppt | 123 |
Siler City, City of* | Siler City, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.10 ppt | 8,501 |
Town of Smithfield* | Smithfield, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.10 ppt | 12,400 |
South Granville Water and Sewer Authority | Butner, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.000 ppt | 19,216 |
Neuse Regional Water and Sewer Authority* | La Grange, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.000 ppt | 93,238 |
Town of Whitsett | Whitsett, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.800 ppt | 89 |
Gibsonville, Town of | Gibsonville, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.800 ppt | 7,129 |
Ossipee, Town of | Elon, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.800 ppt | 2,390 |
Village of Alamance | Alamance, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.800 ppt | 1,100 |
Elon | Elon, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.800 ppt | 11,400 |
Haw River, Town of* | Haw River, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.800 ppt | 2,421 |
City of Burlington* | Burlington, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.800 ppt | 54,000 |
Madison Water Utility* | Madison, WI | 3 of 12 | 0.692 ppt | 235,000 |
Maple Bluff Waterworks | Madison, WI | 3 of 12 | 0.692 ppt | 1,342 |
Shorewood Hills Waterworks | Madison, WI | 3 of 12 | 0.692 ppt | 1,670 |
Rimrock Road Neighborhood | Fitchburg, WI | 3 of 12 | 0.692 ppt | 135 |
Danville Drive Service Area | Fitchburg, WI | 3 of 12 | 0.692 ppt | 150 |
College View Mobile Home Park | Wilmington, NC | 4 of 4 | 0.674 ppt | 90 |
Skybrook North S/d | Charlotte, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.650 ppt | 297 |
Providence Manor S/d | Harrisburg, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.650 ppt | 379 |
City of Concord* | Concord, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.650 ppt | 107,188 |
Shiloh Church Road S/d | Kannapolis, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.650 ppt | 2,532 |
Springdale S/d | Denver, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.650 ppt | 124 |
Zemosa Acres Water System | Charlotte, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.650 ppt | 650 |
City of High Point* | High Point, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.600 ppt | 114,183 |
Glynnwood Mobile Home Park | Hampstead, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.347 ppt | 208 |
Rocklyn Subdivision Phase 2 | Raleigh, NC | 1 of 3 | 0.333 ppt | 89 |
City of Winston-Salem* | Pfafftown, NC | 1 of 3 | 0.333 ppt | 371,063 |
Yorktown S/d | Charlotte, NC | 1 of 3 | 0.333 ppt | 272 |
Stokesdale, Town of | Stokesdale, NC | 1 of 3 | 0.333 ppt | 1,143 |
Stokes County Water & Sewer Authority | Danbury, NC | 1 of 3 | 0.333 ppt | 420 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid (PFPeS), but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.
Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
---|---|---|---|---|
City of Greensboro* | Greensboro, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.30 ppt | 290,201 |
Fayetteville Public Works Commission* | Fayetteville, NC | 2 of 2 | 2.00 ppt | 217,948 |
Pender County Utilities | Burgaw, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.50 ppt | 24,236 |
City of Goldsboro* | Goldsboro, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.20 ppt | 34,959 |
Town of Smithfield* | Smithfield, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.10 ppt | 12,400 |
South Granville Water and Sewer Authority | Butner, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.000 ppt | 19,216 |
Neuse Regional Water and Sewer Authority* | La Grange, NC | 1 of 1 | 1.000 ppt | 93,238 |
City of Burlington* | Burlington, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.800 ppt | 54,000 |
Elon | Elon, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.800 ppt | 11,400 |
Madison Water Utility* | Madison, WI | 3 of 12 | 0.692 ppt | 235,000 |
City of Concord* | Concord, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.650 ppt | 107,188 |
City of High Point* | High Point, NC | 1 of 2 | 0.600 ppt | 114,183 |
City of Winston-Salem* | Pfafftown, NC | 1 of 3 | 0.333 ppt | 371,063 |
Cape Fear Public Utility Authority - Wilmington | Wilmington, NC | 2 of 11 | 0.209 ppt | 153,202 |
Merrimack Village District* | Merrimack, NH | 9 of 47 | 0.0820 ppt | 25,000 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid (PFPeS), but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.